In the previous blog, we discussed the common failures of pneumatic diaphragm pumps and analyzed their causes. Now, Anhui Shengshi Datang will guide you on how to troubleshoot these issues and what steps to take when encountering such situations.

Troubleshooting and Handling Measures

1. Air Pump Not Working

When it is found that the pneumatic diaphragm pump cannot start normally or stops immediately after starting, it should be inspected based on this symptom:

(1) First, check whether the connection points of the circuit are broken. If the circuit is damaged or the connections are loose, replace the wires in the circuit or reinforce the connections promptly to restore the equipment to operation and improve the stability of the air pump.

(2) If parts that frequently experience friction show significant wear or have aged and lost elasticity, consider replacing them to enhance the stability of the system operation.

2. Inlet/Outlet Pipeline Blockage

If the issue with the air pump is determined to be in the inlet/outlet pipeline, and the pump cannot operate normally due to pipeline blockage, inspect and address it based on the following symptoms:

(1) Disassemble and clean the internal pipelines of the equipment to remove various impurities attached to the pipelines. Improve the cleanliness of the pipe walls and enhance the stability of the equipment operation.

(2) Strengthen the management of medium materials to ensure that materials do not mix due to sharing. Ideally, use one device for pumping a specific material. If the same equipment must be used, clean the pipelines promptly to avoid air pump pipeline blockages and improve the stability of the air pump's working condition.

3. Severe Ball Seat Wear

If ball seat wear is confirmed through inspection, troubleshoot using the following measures:

(1) First, confirm whether its sealing performance can support normal equipment operation. If the ball seat wear is too severe to determine, replace the ball seat to maintain the fit between the ball seat and the ball and avoid poor sealing.

(2) Since friction between the ball seat and the ball is inevitable, monitor the operating condition of the ball seat in real time during daily operations to enhance the overall stability of the equipment.

4. Severe Ball Valve Wear

If ball valve wear is confirmed through inspection, and the wear is severe, troubleshoot using the following measures:

(1) Replace severely damaged ball valves. If no spare ball valve is available, temporarily use a ball bearing as a substitute and replace it with a matching ball valve afterward.

(2) Media with excessively high viscosity will increase the resistance of the ball, preventing flexible operation. In this case, clean the ball valve and base to ensure smooth transportation and improve the stability of the equipment operation.

5. Irregular Air Pump Operation

For issues related to irregular air pump operation, inspect and address them based on the specific symptoms:

(1) Replace severely worn ball valves to improve structural stability.

(2) If the diaphragm is damaged, replace it promptly to enhance the reliability of the system's processing.

(3) If the issue is due to limitations of the preset system, upgrade the system to improve the stability of the equipment system operation.

6. Insufficient Air Supply Pressure

For problems caused by insufficient air supply pressure, inspect and troubleshoot using the following measures:

(1) Confirm whether the equipment operating system is stable and check the system pressure condition. If it meets the requirements, continue using it; otherwise, debug it as soon as possible.

(2) To maintain the volume and cleanliness of compressed air, add an air filtration device and improve the purity of the compressed air to maintain the equipment output rate and enhance system stability.

The horizontal baler stands as a cornerstone equipment within the waste management and recycling sector. Its work principle involves using hydraulic power to compress materials. When materials are fed into the baler, a hydraulic cylinder exerts immense pressure, gradually squeezing the materials together. As the pressure builds up, the materials are compacted into tightly packed bales.

Engineered to compress an array of materials, including cardboard, paper, plastics, and even metals, into tightly packed bales, it dramatically diminishes waste volume. This reduction enhances the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of both storage and transportation processes.

A primary benefit of horizontal balers lies in their remarkable versatility. They are capable of processing a diverse spectrum of materials, effortlessly adjusting to varying sizes and shapes. This adaptability renders them suitable for a multitude of industries, spanning from manufacturing to retail operations.

Furthermore, horizontal balers are renowned for their impressive compression ratios, guaranteeing that the bales they produce are both dense and stable. This not only conserves valuable space but also significantly reduces the likelihood of bales disintegrating during handling and transportation.

After each day's work is completed, it's the best time for maintenance:

Thorough Cleaning:

Remove any remaining paper scraps and debris from the hopper.

Clean dust and oil from the pusher head, compression chamber, and bale outlet.

Clean the equipment surface, keeping it clean overall.

Inspect Key Components:

Blades and Seals:

Check the sealing strips on the compression chamber door for damage. Replace any damaged strips immediately to prevent leakage. Check the sharpness of the cutter.

Chain/Wire Rope:

 For equipment using chains or wire ropes for threading, check their wear and tension, and add appropriate amounts of lubricating oil.

Lubrication:

Add the specified grease or lubricating oil to all lubrication points (such as guide rails, sliders, bearing housings, etc.) according to the equipment manual.

Hydraulic System:

After shutting down, check again for any leaks.

Clean the area around the oil tank filler neck to prevent impurities from entering.

In essence, the horizontal baler assumes a critical role in contemporary waste management strategies. Its efficiency, adaptability, and superior compression abilities render it an indispensable tool for businesses seeking to optimize their waste disposal and recycling workflows.

Metal balers are essential equipment in the metal recycling and processing industries. Their maintenance is directly related to their service life, cutting efficiency, and production safety.

Daily Maintenance (Before and After Each Shift)

This is the most basic and crucial maintenance, performed by the operator.

1. Pre-Startup Inspection:

Lubrication Check: Check all lubrication points (such as the master cylinder, door hinges, and slide rails) for sufficient lubricant/grease.

Hydraulic System Check: Check that the hydraulic oil level is within the specified range and inspect the oil tank, oil lines, and joints for leaks.

Electrical System Check: Check for damaged or loose wiring and that the emergency stop button is functioning.

Fasteners Check: Quickly check for loose bolts and nuts in critical locations.

Cleaning the Material Bin: Ensure that the baling chamber is free of debris or debris from the previous shift, especially metal that could prevent the door from closing.

2. Observation During Operation:

Abnormal Noise and Vibration: Pay attention to any unusual noise or excessive vibration during operation.

Oil Temperature Monitoring: Observe whether the hydraulic oil temperature rises abnormally (usually should not exceed 60-70°C).

Operation Smoothness: Observe whether each cylinder operates smoothly and whether there is any creeping.

Pressure Gauge Reading: Note whether the system operating pressure is normal and whether there are any excessive fluctuations.

3. Post-Shutdown Maintenance:

Thorough Cleaning: Clean dust, oil, and metal debris from the equipment surface. Focus on cleaning the packaging chamber, pusher head, and door cover seal contact surfaces.

Draining: If the system is air-cooled, check and drain condensate from the air filter.

Understanding the Core Components of a Metal Shredder

A metal shredder is more than just a machine; it's a system. Here are its core components:

1. Main Unit:

Cutter Shaft: Single, dual, or quadruple shaft? Dual shafts are most common, processing metal by shearing and tearing.

Blades:Material (usually alloy steel), shape, number, and repairability. Blades are consumable parts, so their quality and durability are crucial.

Housing: Heavy-duty steel structure ensuring stable operation under high loads.

Power System:Typically an electric motor (electric) or diesel engine (for mobile or non-electric areas).

2. Feeding System:

Conveyor:Belt conveyor or chain conveyor for automatic, uniform feeding.

Feeding Method: Manual feeding, conveyor feeding, or steel grabber feeding.

3. Discharge System:

Conveyor: Transports the shredded material away.

Magnetic Separator (Optional but Important):Used to separate metallic and non-metallic impurities.

Dust Collection System (Environmental Requirements): Collects dust generated during the shredding process, meeting environmental standards.

4. Control System:

PLC Control: High degree of automation, capable of monitoring load, setting automatic reverse (anti-jamming), and fault alarms.

Electrical Cabinet: Core control unit.

Container shears are heavy-duty industrial equipment primarily used to compress and shear various metal scraps (such as steel sections, plates, auto bodies, and lightweight materials) into high-density "blocks" for easier transportation, storage, and improved smelting efficiency.

Before starting work each day, the following checks must be performed:

1. Cleaning and Visual Inspection

Remove debris: Remove dust, oil, metal shavings, and other debris from the equipment surface, around the blades, and the feed chute. Keeping the equipment clean prevents debris from affecting cutting accuracy and damaging the equipment.

Visual Inspection: Visually inspect all parts of the equipment for obvious damage, cracks, or deformation.

2. Lubrication Check

Check Oil Level: Check that the hydraulic oil level in the hydraulic system is within the range specified on the oil level gauge. If the oil level is too low, add hydraulic oil of the same grade immediately.

Check Lubrication Points: Add an appropriate amount of grease or lubricating oil to all lubrication points specified in the equipment manual (such as slide rails, bearing seats, pins, etc.). Ensure that moving parts are well lubricated.

3. Fastener Inspection

Check Critical Bolts: Focus on checking the tightness of critical parts such as anchor bolts, blade fixing bolts, and hydraulic line joints to ensure there is no looseness. Looseness can lead to increased vibration, increased noise, and even accidents.

4. Electrical System Inspection

Inspect Wiring: Visually inspect cables and wires for damage, aging, or exposed wires.

Inspect Operating Buttons: Test the sensitivity and reliability of all operating buttons (such as start, stop, up, down). The emergency stop button must function effectively.

5. Blade Inspection

Inspect Blade Edges: Check the sharpness of the upper and lower blades, ensuring there are no chips, curled edges, or severe wear. Dull blades will reduce shearing quality and increase equipment load.

6. No-Load Trial Run

Before starting formal work, start the equipment and perform several no-load shearing cycles. Listen to the equipment's operating sound to ensure it is normal, and observe the hydraulic system for any abnormal vibrations or leaks. Work can only begin after confirming everything is normal.

A superior automated truck loader relies on a robust mechanical structure as its "limbs," but its true soul lies in its "eyes" and "brain." This week, we'll delve into the core, revealing how the Gachn truck loader achieves highly intelligent, unmanned loading through the seamless collaboration of 3D vision, AI algorithms, and advanced control.

In the past two weeks, we discussed industry pain points and introduced the revolutionary "cargo box entry" mechanical solution. However, for the robotic arm to precisely extend into the truck bed and perfectly stack the loads, an intelligent system for perception, decision-making, and execution is indispensable. This is precisely what distinguishes Gachn from simply cobbled-together automated equipment on the market, making it a truly "intelligent truck loader."

I. Intelligent Eyes: All-Aspect Perception for Clear Vehicle Identification

Core Technology: LiDAR 3D Scanning and Intelligent Vehicle Position Recognition System

Challenges: Vast Variations in Vehicle Parking: Improper parking, centerline deviation, and foreign objects in the cargo compartment (such as residual binding ropes or debris) can all lead to loading failures or even equipment collisions.

Our Solution:

Precise Modeling: The equipment uses high-precision LiDAR to perform an all-around scan of the parked vehicle, generating a 3D point cloud model with millimeter-level precision. This system automatically measures the length, width, and side panel height of the cargo compartment, as well as the vehicle's ground clearance.

Intelligent Judgment: Utilizing a self-developed intelligent detection algorithm, the system analyzes the point cloud data in real time. It automatically identifies whether the vehicle is parked within the permitted automated loading area and whether the centerline deviation is within a controllable range. Simultaneously, it acts as a "quality inspector," detecting any irregularities in the cargo compartment to prevent unstable stacking or equipment malfunctions caused by foreign objects.

Active Guidance: If the system detects that the rear panel is too high or the parking position is improper, it will proactively remind the driver via screen to "open the rear panel" or "adjust the parking position," achieving human-machine interaction and ensuring a perfect starting point for the operation.

(Video: Showing the 3D point cloud model of the vehicle generated after LiDAR scanning, with the measured length, width, and height dimensions marked)

II. Intelligent Brain: Strategic Planning for Optimal Loading Path

Core Technology: Proprietary Palletizing Algorithm and Schneider Electric High-End Control Platform

Challenge: How to convert known vehicle dimensions and the tonnage to be loaded into precise, neat, and stable palletizing coordinates and movement trajectories for each bag of cement?

Our Solution: Intelligent Calculation: After acquiring 3D scan data, our independently developed palletizing logic algorithm begins operation. Based on the tonnage of cement to be loaded and a mathematical model, it automatically calculates the optimal landing coordinates for each bag of cement and plans the most efficient, collision-free movement trajectory.

Flexible Strategy: The algorithm supports three modes: horizontal stacking, vertical stacking, and a combination of both. It can intelligently select or combine modes based on the truck bed dimensions, ensuring tight and neat stacking, maximizing truck bed space utilization, and facilitating unloading.

Precise Execution: The calculated trajectory instructions are received and executed by a control system centered on a high-performance Schneider 12-axis motion controller and a 15.6-inch large touchscreen. The stability and high processing power of the Schneider PLC ensure the synchronization, accuracy, and reliability of the actions of all servo motors, cylinders, and other actuators.

 

III. Neural Networks: Data Interconnection, Enabling Intelligent Factory Management

Core Technology: Loading Information Management System and Industrial-Grade Interface

Challenge: The automated loading machine should not be an information silo; it needs to seamlessly integrate with the factory's existing management system.

Our Solution: The driver only needs to swipe their card next to the loading machine, and the system automatically retrieves the pickup information (such as customer, product type, and tonnage) from the ERP system, eliminating the need for manual input and preventing errors.

After loading is completed, data (such as actual loading time and tonnage) is automatically transmitted back to the management system, forming a closed loop and providing real-time and accurate data support for financial settlement and production scheduling.

The equipment is equipped with an Ethernet interface as standard, reserving ample expansion space for the factory's future Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing upgrades.

IV. Reliable Foundation: Distributed Layout and Top-Tier Components

We understand that even the most intelligent system requires stable hardware support. Unlike competitors who centralize subcontracting, steering, and packing mechanisms, resulting in "small maintenance space and difficult fault handling," Gachn adopts a distributed layout. This layout not only offers higher stability but also provides spacious maintenance access when maintenance is needed, allowing for rapid problem location and resolution, significantly reducing downtime and improving overall equipment efficiency (OEE).

Conclusion: True intelligence is the perfect integration of perception, decision-making, execution, and management. The Gachn loading machine is precisely such an intelligent loading expert with "eagle eyes," a "super brain," and "flexible limbs." It brings not only savings in manpower, but also a comprehensive leap in loading quality, management efficiency, and data transparency.

Choosing the right forged wheels isn’t just about style—it’s about matching your car’s specs, performance needs, and driving habits. With options like T6061-T6  one piece forged wheels and two piece forged wheels,even three piece forged wheel. It’s easy to feel stuck. But breaking down key factors helps you find wheels that look great and boost safety and performance. Let’s walk through the essential steps to get the perfect fit.

First, check your car’s basic specs. Every vehicle has strict requirements for wheel size, bolt pattern, offset, and load capacity—ignoring these causes poor fitment, damage, or safety risks. For a compact SUV, 20 inch wheels with a 6x139.7 bolt pattern mean 20 inch 6 holes forged wheels could be ideal. Find details like diameter (20inch), width (7J/8J), bolt pattern (holes x distance), offset (ET value), and load capacity in your owner’s manual or online. These numbers are non-negotiable—your wheels must match them.

                                                                     3D design for customer double check the required size

Next, align with your driving style. Daily commuters prioritizing comfort? T6061-T6 forged wheels balance strength, lightness, and affordability—their heat-treated alloy resists bending, perfect for daily drives. Racing or high-performance fans? one-piece forged wheels are lighter and stiffer, cutting unsprung weight for better acceleration, braking, and cornering. Want custom style with easy upkeep? Two-piece forged wheels offer design flexibility without losing much performance.

Don’t skimp on material and quality. Cheap knockoffs lack the strength of genuine forged wheels. Stick to reputable brands using 6061 aluminum alloy. Perfect aluminum alloy forged wheels from trusted suppliers save money for bulk buys, but verify manufacturing—look for rotary forging (uniform grain = more strength) and certifications like JWL/VIA. A well-made forged wheel lasts years, even in harsh conditions—quality now saves money later.

Aesthetics matter, but function first. Forged wheels come in sleek minimalist or bold intricate designs. Luxury sedans shine with polished/powder-coated wheels with clean lines; off-road trucks need larger, rugged wheels for bigger tires and traction. Complex designs are harder to clean—simpler styles are easier. Pick a finish matching your car: matte black, silver, gunmetal work for most, or go custom to stand out.

Finally, ask a pro if unsure. New to wheel upgrades or have a unique car? Visit a tire shop or forged wheel specialist—they’ll verify specs, recommend options, and test-fit for alignment. Some offer custom forging for specific needs. Choosing forged wheels is an investment—research and pro advice ensure you get it right.

In short, choosing forged wheels means balancing specs, performance, quality, and style. Start with your car’s requirements, match to your driving habits, prioritize quality materials, pick a complementary design, and ask for help.

When you choose 6061-T6 forged wheels, the goal is a perfect fit that boosts your drive. The right wheels improve performance and add personal style that makes your car stand out.

Vacuum motors are extremely widespread and critical in the aerospace field. Leveraging their characteristics such as vacuum resistance, high-temperature tolerance, low outgassing rate, and non-contamination of the vacuum environment, they have become indispensable core components in satellites, rockets, spacecraft, and other aircraft. The following analysis unfolds across three dimensions: application scenarios, technical advantages, and practical cases.

1. Core Application Scenarios

Attitude Control and Orbital Adjustment

Satellites and Spacecraft: Vacuum servo motors precisely control the attitude and orbit of aircraft by driving reaction wheels or thrusters. For example, a certain model of remote sensing satellite uses a vacuum brushless motor to drive its reaction wheel. It operated in orbit for 3 years with no performance degradation, achieving an attitude control accuracy of 0.001°, ensuring communication coverage and imaging quality.

Rocket Propulsion Systems: In rocket engines, vacuum motors are used to regulate the opening and closing of fuel injection valves, enabling precise thrust control and ensuring stability during the launch phase.

Solar Panel Deployment and Drive

Satellite solar panels need to deploy and adjust their angle in a vacuum environment to maximize solar energy absorption. Vacuum motors, through low-friction, high-reliability designs, drive the panel deployment mechanisms and continuously adjust the panel angles during orbital operation, ensuring a stable energy supply.

Antenna and Sensor Pointing Control

Communication antennas, optical telescopes, and other equipment on spacecraft require precise pointing in a vacuum environment. Vacuum motors achieve fine adjustments of antenna pointing through high-resolution stepper control. For instance, in CERN's particle accelerator, vacuum servo motors operated continuously for 100,000 hours, maintaining a vacuum level of 10⁻⁹ Pa, providing crucial support for high-energy physics experiments.

Hatch and Equipment Switching Control

Hatch doors, lens covers, etc., on spacecraft need reliable opening and closing in a vacuum. Vacuum motors, designed with radiation resistance and low volatility, drive the actions of these mechanisms. For example, motors for opening/closing satellite lens covers must withstand space radiation and extreme temperatures to ensure proper operation during mission-critical phases.

2. Technical Advantages Supporting Applications

Vacuum Resistance and Low Outgassing Rate

Vacuum motors use low-outgassing materials (e.g., titanium alloy, polyimide composite insulation) to avoid releasing gases in the vacuum environment that could contaminate sensitive equipment (e.g., optical lenses, semiconductor wafers). For instance, if a vacuum motor in semiconductor manufacturing equipment has poor heat dissipation or material outgassing, it could cause wafer contamination, resulting in losses of millions.

High-Temperature and Extreme Temperature Adaptability

Spacecraft must withstand extreme space temperatures (e.g., -196°C to +200°C). Vacuum motors, through special materials (e.g., ceramic bearings, high-temperature resistant coatings) and heat pipe conduction technology, ensure no softening at high temperatures and no brittleness at low temperatures. For example, a certain model of high-low temperature vacuum motor has an operating temperature range covering -196°C to +200°C and is used in spacecraft thermal vacuum test chambers.

High Precision and Long Lifespan

The vacuum environment eliminates air resistance and friction, allowing for smoother motor movement. Combined with high-resolution stepper control (e.g., ±1µm accuracy), micron-level positioning can be achieved. For example, miniature linear vacuum motors are used for reticle stage positioning in semiconductor lithography machines, contributing to the mass production of 5nm chips.

Radiation Resistance and Reliability

Space radiation can break down motor insulation. Vacuum motors incorporate radiation-resistant designs, such as zirconium-doped modification, to ensure 15 years of fault-free operation in orbit. For example, satellite attitude control motors must pass tests with radiation doses up to 10⁶ Gy to ensure long-term stable operation.

3. Practical Cases Demonstrating Value

Satellite Attitude Control

A certain model of remote sensing satellite used a vacuum brushless motor to drive its reaction wheel. By precisely controlling the motor speed, fine adjustments of the satellite's attitude were achieved. During its 3-year in-orbit operation, the motor showed no performance degradation, maintaining an attitude control accuracy of 0.001°, which guaranteed high-resolution imaging and communication coverage.

Particle Accelerator Vacuum Pump Systems

CERN's Large Hadron Collider requires an ultra-high vacuum environment (10⁻⁹ Pa). Its vacuum pump systems use vacuum servo motors for drive. These motors operated continuously for 100,000 hours, utilizing multi-layer dynamic seals and intelligent temperature control systems to ensure stable vacuum levels, providing critical support for high-energy physics experiments.

Wafer Transfer Robotic Arm

A domestic 12-inch wafer fab introduced a robotic arm driven by a vacuum linear motor. The motor achieved a travel accuracy of ±1µm, increased transfer speed to 2m/s, and controlled particle contamination below Class 1, significantly improving chip manufacturing yield.

4. Future Trends

As space missions expand into areas like deep space exploration and quantum computing, vacuum motors will develop towards intelligence, sustainability, and extreme environment adaptation:

Intelligence: Integration of multi-parameter sensors (vibration, temperature, current) and AI algorithms for fault prediction and adaptive control.

Sustainability: Use of recyclable materials (e.g., magnesium alloy housing) and bio-based insulating varnishes to reduce carbon footprint.

Extreme Environment Adaptation: Exploration of applications for low-temperature superconducting windings at liquid hydrogen temperatures (-253°C), targeting efficiency improvements up to 99%, aiding vacuum pump systems in fusion reactors.

With their unique technical advantages, vacuum motors have become the indispensable "power heart" of the aerospace field, continuously propelling humanity's exploration of the unknown, from deep space to chip manufacturing.

An ordinary motor will face a series of severe challenges in a vacuum environment. Without special design and treatment, it is likely to fail within a short period. Simply put, an ordinary motor cannot be used directly in a vacuum environment.

The main reasons and potential consequences are as follows:

Heat Dissipation Problem (The Most Critical Issue)

In Earth's Atmosphere: The motor generates heat during operation. Ordinary motors dissipate heat primarily through three methods:

Convection: Surrounding air flow carries heat away (this is the primary method).

Conduction: Heat is transferred to the mounting structure via the motor base.

Radiation: Heat is radiated outward as infrared radiation (accounts for a very small proportion at normal temperatures).

In a Vacuum: There is no air, so convective heat transfer completely fails. Heat dissipation can only rely on conduction and radiation.

Conduction becomes crucial but requires extremely large-area, tight contact between the motor and the mounting structure, along with the use of highly thermally conductive materials (e.g., thermal grease). This is very difficult to achieve perfectly in engineering.

Radiation is very inefficient at low temperatures.

Consequence: The motor will overheat drastically, causing internal temperatures to far exceed design limits. This can lead to melting of the insulation, demagnetization of permanent magnets, evaporation or solidification of bearing lubricant, and ultimately result in motor burnout or seizure.

Lubrication Problem

Ordinary Lubricants: Most greases or lubricating oils used in ordinary motors will, in a vacuum environment:

Rapidly Evaporate/Sublime: The boiling point is extremely low in a vacuum, causing liquid lubricants to rapidly turn into gas and evaporate, leading to dry running of the bearings.

Contaminate the Environment: The evaporated oil vapor can condense on nearby precision equipment, such as optical lenses or sensor surfaces, causing permanent contamination and functional failure. This is absolutely unacceptable for spacecraft.

Consequence: The bearings wear out or seize due to lack of lubrication in a short time, causing the motor to stop rotating.

Corona Discharge and Arcing (Especially Dangerous for High-Voltage Motors)

In Earth's Atmosphere: Air has a certain dielectric strength, preventing discharge between electrodes below a certain voltage.

In a Vacuum: Vacuum itself is an excellent insulator, but its insulating capability is closely related to electrode material and surface finish. In a vacuum, insulation between electrodes no longer relies on a medium but on the vacuum itself.

The problem is: At high voltages, motor windings—especially at points with minor insulation defects or sharp points—can cause residual gas molecules to ionize, easily leading to corona discharge or vacuum arcing.

Consequence: Continuous discharge can severely erode and damage the insulation material, eventually causing winding short circuits and motor failure.

Material Outgassing

Problem: Many materials used in the manufacturing of ordinary motors (such as plastics, paints, adhesives, ordinary wire insulation, etc.) absorb and dissolve gas molecules from the air. In a vacuum environment, these gases are slowly released, a process known as "outgassing."

Consequence: Similar to lubricant evaporation, these released gases can contaminate the entire vacuum system, which is fatal for scientific experiments requiring ultra-high vacuum or for space telescopes.

So, What Motors Are Used in Vacuum Environments?

To solve the above problems, engineers have developed motors specifically designed for vacuum environments. The main solutions include:

Special Heat Dissipation Design:

Strengthen conduction paths using highly thermally conductive metals (like copper) for components or heat sinks.

Design dedicated connection cooling plates with internal coolant to forcibly remove heat.

Increase the motor's operating temperature class using higher-grade insulation materials (e.g., Class H, Class C).

Vacuum Lubrication Technology:

Use solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide, PTFE, or graphite.

Use full ceramic bearings or specially treated metal bearings.

Vacuum-Compatible Materials and Insulation:

Select all structural materials with low outgassing rates.

Use special vacuum-compatible impregnating varnishes and potting materials for windings.

For high-voltage motors, special consideration must be given to insulation structure and processes to prevent corona discharge.

Therefore, if you need to use a motor in a vacuum environment (such as in space equipment, vacuum coating machines, particle accelerators, etc.), you must select a vacuum motor specifically designed and certified for vacuum use, and cannot directly use an ordinary motor.

In central air conditioning system design, ice storage chillers and traditional chillers are two mainstream technologies. While both serve as core cooling sources, their operation logic, cost structure, and long-term benefits differ significantly. Understanding these differences helps businesses choose the most suitable solution for their needs.

1. Operation Logic and Cost Structure: The Power of Time Shifting

2. Economics: Balancing Upfront Investment with Lifecycle Savings

3. Social Value and Policy Incentives: Supporting the Power Grid

4. Application Scenarios: Choosing the Right Fit

Conclusion